Amiri Baraka s 1964 Play, Dutchman - 1892 Words

Amiri Baraka’s 1964 play, Dutchman, is a prime example of a work that has an allegorical meaning of the race relationships between African Americans and Caucasians during its time period. A major theme of this course is studying stories as narratives, in terms of understanding cultural diversity. Although Dutchman is a play, and not a novel or short story, the interaction between Lula and Clay assists the audience in conceptualizing black oppression after World War II through the system of language. This revolutionary work, a â€Å"product of the 1960s Black Power movement,† represents how the system affects Clay, whom symbolizes the African American population (Lecture 9/3/15). The interaction between Clay and Lula represents the system of language, in which its linguistic rivalry, through stereotyping, represents the race relationships of America during the 1960s. Throughout the play, Lula constantly linguistically challenges Clay. For instance, near the beginning of the play, she states, â€Å"You look like you’ve been reading Chinese poetry and drinking lukewarm sugarless tea† (Lauter, Yarborough, et al., eds. 2934). After Clay’s response she says that she lies often because â€Å"It helps me [Lula] control the world† (Lauter, Yarborough, et al., eds. 2935). This represents Lula’s belief that she has power over Clay. Her view further intensify once she discovers that Clay is from New Jersey and attempting to grow a beard (Lauter, Yarborough, et al., eds. 2935). Lula receives moreShow MoreRelatedRace Film : The Great And Only Essay10250 Words   |  41 Pagesthough some who knew him insist it was ‘Mi-shaw.’ The correct pronunciation of his name is only the beginning of the ambiguities and mysteries associated with Oscar Micheaux† Patrick Mulligan—Oscar Micheaux: The Great and Only: The Life of America s First Black Filmmaker From the very beginning of the early stages in American cinema, African Americans had a presence on the silver screen. The twentieth century created a new era of cinema that consisted of films produced for and targeted to an all-Black

Nature And Nurture Nature Vs. Nurture - 1780 Words

As Nature Made Him: Nature vs. Nurture Human behavior is determined by both biological and environmental factors. Psychologists are interested in learning which of these factors is a greater influence on human behavior and identity. Although psychologists today generally agree that both nature and nurture play a role in conditioning behavior, there is still disagreement about the part that each of the factors have in determining behavior. The nature versus nurture debate focuses around the extent of influence from each and the possibility that one of these factors has the ability to erase the other. This debate is the central theme in As Nature Made Him: The Boy Who Was Raised As A Girl, an account of the case of Brenda Reimer recounted by†¦show more content†¦To the world, it was very apparent that Brenda was different. Dr. Money however was relentless in encouraging Brenda’s new feminine identity, and as a result was unwilling to acknowledge her masculine demeanor. Money hid Brenda’s behavioral di screpancies from the scientific community. Although Brenda was far from feeling like a normal girl her age, Money’s reports said otherwise. Albeit false, he used her case as further evidence of his theory that â€Å"the child’s psychosexual differentiation will be congruous with the sex of rearing (Colapinto 55).† Dr. Money is made out to be the villain in the story. In addition to his false reports of her case, Brenda’s horror during her yearly visits to Money are well depicted. These scenes tell of private sessions in which he would force Brenda to take her clothes off or show her pictures of adults engaged in sexual acts. While some of his methods may have been extreme, Money had a solid scientific basis to believe that environment greatly affects one’s behavior. The decades leading up to the 1970’s were the height of behaviorist psychology. Stemmed from the work of John Watson at the turn of the 20th century, behaviorism places emphasis on observable behavior rather than introspection. More specifically, behaviorists prefer to focus on the ways that a person’s environment can predict their behaviors. We can see this in B.F. Skinner’sShow MoreRelatedNature Vs Nurture : Nature And Nurture1821 Words   |  8 PagesNature and nurture are usually seen as very different things, but they are actually somewhat similar and even integrated. There is a huge debate over which holds more influence over how people develop and whether they behave based on genes or their environment. In Sincero’s article Nature and Nurture Debate she discusses arguments for both sides, saying behavior may be completely in a person’s genes, or it could come from experience and influence. Many people believe â€Å"that the criminal acts, tendencyRead MoreNature Vs Nurture : Nature Or Nurture874 Words   |  4 Pages Nature or Nurture. Nature may be all of the genes and hereditary factors with which influence them to become who they are such as physical appearances and personality characteristics. Nurturing impacts people’s lives as well as how they are raised and all the environmental factors. In combination, these qualities can be the true identity of oneself. Many people may argue that nurture appears to a play huge factor in the two, but others may think otherwise. Not having both as a characteristic canRead MoreNature Vs Nurture : Is The Nature Or Nurture?1300 Words   |  6 PagesAoS 3: Student Directed Research Investigation Unit 1 Psychology - Megan Rodrigues RESEARCH QUESTION How is the nature vs nurture debate related to a consideration of the mental disorder, schizophrenia? INTRODUCTION Schizophrenia is categorized by thoughts or experiences that seem abnormal with reality, disorganized speech or behaviour and decreased participation in regular daily activities. Difficulty with memory and concentration are sometimes also present. The two hit hypothesis generally refersRead MoreNature Vs Nurture : Nature And Nurture1821 Words   |  8 Pages Nature and nurture are usually seen as very different things, but they are actually somewhat similar and even integrated. There is a huge debate over which holds more influence over how people develop and whether they behave based on genes or their environment. In Sincero’s article Nature and Nurture Debate she discusses arguments for both sides, saying behavior may be completely in a person’s genes, or it could come from experience and influence. Many people believe â€Å"that the criminal acts, tendencyRead MoreNature Vs. Nurture : Nurture1405 Words   |  6 PagesDecember 2015 Nature vs. Nurture Very few people know that the nature vs. nurture debate actually began early on with famous Greek philosophers such as Plato and Descartes. These two theorized that certain things were inborn and occurred naturally regardless of environmental factors (Cherry 1). Most people began to witness this debate in 1896 when the phrase â€Å"Nature vs. Nurture† was coined by English polymath, Francis Galton (â€Å"Nature vs. Nurture†Origins 1). At this point the nature vs. nurture debate grewRead MoreNature Vs. Nurture : Nurture901 Words   |  4 Pagestime the proverbial nature vs. nurture question has sparked quite a debate. I hold the belief that nature vs. nurture is a zero-sum game. We essentially enter this existence, a lump of clay that needs molding in order to take form. So, I believe my creative abilities can be attributed to the sum of our genetic predisposition, the nurture of our mind, and the dynamic of both nature and nurture, with nurture being the predominant influencing factor. In psychology, nature refers to the inheritedRead MoreNature Vs. Nurture : Nature Versus Nurture1337 Words   |  6 PagesNature vs. Nurture There are many different ways that behavior can be explained, especially on the terms of nature vs. nurture. Aggression is a behavior that has been extensively analyzed in a complex manner and the causes of it can be explained many different ways. Aggression can be defined as hostile or destructive behavior that can cause injury or destructive outlook especially when caused by frustration. Nature can be defined as aspects of behavior that have been inherited or are genetic, whileRead MoreNature Vs Nurture And Nurture1777 Words   |  8 Pagesformed and cultivated through nature or nurture. This psychological anomaly is why I am writing this paper. Ever since I have enrolled in, and taken, a psychology class during my junior year, I have questioned whether every little emotion and action is because of nature or nurture. No topic is more widely explored and researched than morality. It cannot be scientifically or psychologically proven or tested, making any claim highly controversial . This idea, of nature vs nurture, that I had previously researchedRead MoreNature Vs. Nurture : Nature Versus Nurture Essay1939 Words   |  8 PagesNature versus Nurture You got your dark brown hair from your father and you got your looks from your mother, but where did you get your excitement for sports and your love for all animals? A person’s physical characteristics lean more towards genes and heredity, but our genes are not mentioned as much when behavior is the topic. This is how the nature versus nurture debate first began. Scientists who believe in the nature theory believe that people behave the way they do due to heredity and genesRead MoreNature Vs Nurture : Nature Versus Nurture882 Words   |  4 Pagestheir parents. Meaning they think Nature is a big part in their life and why they are who they are. The genes in each cell in us humans determine the different traits that we have, more dominantly on the physical connections like eye color, hair color, ear size, height, and other traits. However, it is still not known whether the more abstract attributes like personality, intelligence, sexual orientation, likes and dislikes are gen e-coded in our DNA. The nurture theory has experiments showing a child’s

Vindicated free essay sample

Members of the drumline live, eat, and breathe the words: motivation, intensity, accountability and hard-work. Being section leader my sophomore and junior year, to now being drum captain my senior year, I have learned how to effectively teach these principles to the underclassmen coming up. Being nervous and trying to fight for a spot on the line, most of the underclassmen learn and adjust to the intense environment, but for a certain few, it is not that easy and unfortunately do not make it very far.My two years of being bass drum section leader had its share of difficulties, but it was always manageable. Therefore, I had no fear in taking over the line as captain. This stayed true until I received some unsettling text messages from one of my section leaders. These messages were from a kid in my own section named Khaled. The messages contained vulgar statements directed towards the band program, the percussion director and me personally. We will write a custom essay sample on Vindicated or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page My initial thought was to address him personally for a very good explanation over why these things were being said, but because I was never suppose to have known about these messages, it was not my place to be the first to act upon it. I assumed that I could put trust in one of my section leaders to take care of it and to defend the program, defend our director and defend me. I was wrong.The first week of summer band camp was very emotionally straining. It seemed like a constant fight of trying to get the underclassmen to get motivated and excited, but it was always counter acted by Khaled’s attitude and my yelling. I became irritable and my attitude ironically started to transform into Khaled’s. I thought Khaled’s constant retaliation against me and my orders was from him just being insecure and that he would change. Wrong again. Khaled was tearing the line apart before my eyes.The rest of the bassline and I decided enough is enough. We pleaded to our director for some kind of salvation from this mess, but all we got was the same old story of where the unmotivated slacker gets the easy way out and the good kids have to suffer for it.The cursing, the yelling, the disrespect, the laziness, and the retaliation continued somehow unnoticed until I was on the brink of my breaking point. The bassline and I knew if the underclassmen watched Khaled win this battle he would become the example. They would think it is okay to be unmotivated. They would think it is okay be lazy when you are tired. They would think it is okay disrespect authority when you do not agree with their orders. And by them thinking these things, we degrade them of the teachings that intensity, drive, and passion are not just words, but more so the driving force in reaching every goal you have in this life. (Can I get an amen?)We requested a meeting with our director and Khaled. All of us poured our hearts out to him and all we got in return was, â€Å"What do I do about a refund?†When it is all said and done, I am blessed God gave me an experience like this at my age. This was not your typical story of everything being rainbows and butterflies in the end. Instead I was tested emotionally, challenged mentally and was pushed just shy of my breaking point. We could not save Khaled from himself and he ended up quitting, but my mind was renewed in the realization that sometimes as a leader you cannot save everyone. Easily, the bassline and I could have conformed to Khaled’s ways and this year would have been miserable, but my standing by our beliefs and standing together, I take away a very important lesson before I embark on my life in the next year.

Industrial Relations and Conflict Management

Question: Discuss about the Industrial Relations and Conflict Management. Answer: Introduction ABC News 24 aired a programme named "At Their Mercy" which was reported by Quentin McDermott and presented by Kerry O'Brien. In this programme, Four Corners analyzed that the impact of bullying and bastardization of medical interns in renowned hospitals on interns themselves as well as on the patients(McDermott Michelmore, 2015). Such kind of toxic culture affects the life of the young trainees. Some of them get involved in this cycle of abuse while some of them cannot get out of it easily which might led them to suicidal tendencies also. The interns who successfully revive from such conditions might have distorted behavior with their colleagues and patients too. It can be considered as the after-effects of harassment and bullying to which the medical practitioners have gone through during their training period or in their work places. In this paper, being a senior executive, I would like to advice the Chief Executive Officer in health sector organization, about the ways as to how t o tackle such problems occurring with the medical staff and practitioners. I would like to suggest the ways through which medical practitioners can get hold of faith and beliefs of patients on them and on the other hand can protect themselves from such situation. Discussion The existing issue in the health sector is bullying and harassment of the medical interns in teaching hospitals. The Chief executive officer of the Medical Department is strictly responsible for changing the scenario as, the relation between an organization and its members is based on two types of contracts or obligations, which are not in the form of document but only based on their mutual beliefs. Psychological contract is based upon the individuals belief regarding mutual responsibility between a person and an organization. The other one is an implied contract, in which, mutual responsibility characterizes the interactions occurring at the level of association between an individual and an organization. Due to the changing work environment, the relation between the employers and the employees introduces various issues, which could not be considered by applying the modern models of motivation. However, the managerial implications of psychological and implied contracts can improve the situations arising in an organization. Subjectivity or prejudice of contracts might occur in an agreement arising in a relationship between the two parties to a contract. Agreements between an employer and an employee based on relationships provide less consideration to the economic benefits and consider hard work and loyalty on the part of employee and continuation of employment on the part of employer. Hence, such arrangements are required to be applied by the CEO so that the relationship between the organization and the employees tends to be too strong and trustworthy that the employees tend to serve the organization with loyalty and hard work without consideration of the economic benefits. Moreover, harassment and bullying at workplace affect the work culture and create unsafe environment as described in "At their Mercy". Squelch and Guthrie (2012) addressed this aspect in their article. It is the responsibility of an organization to provide safe work environment to the employees under the legislation of work health and safety. The organization must identify such risks and imply systematic approach to control and monitor harassment and bullying in the workplaces by applying model Work Health and Safety Act(Squelch Guthrie, 2012) The WHS Act requires employers and the employees are not involved in such conduct that creates an unhealthy environment in the workplace. The CEO must take the responsibility to educate and inform all the employees regarding their obligations related to harassment and bullying as well as to prevent them against the harmful effects of such conduct. In Keegan v Sussan Corporation (Aust.) Pty Ltd, the court awarded damages to the employee who suf fered bullying for 11 days. It demonstrated the significance of proactive response to such kind of complaints in the workplaces(Aust LII, 2014). Psychological contracts between the employer and the employees occur in the form of unwritten expectations and are required to be continuously renegotiated as such contracts are the strongest determinant of the behavioral conducts in an organization(Schein, 1980). A component of Psychological contracts is normative beliefs in which, certain specific actions are considered as appropriate while some other might be considered as inappropriate. The normative beliefs which occupy obligations of reciprocity only appear under the category of psychological contracts(Nicholson Johns, 1985). In expectancy models, a term called performance-outcome (P-O) can be established as a psychological contract because in such a case, there is a commitment of an employee to perform well followed by a reward(Guest, 2016). The CEO of the medical department should imply upon such possibilities in the organization so as to motivate the employees to perform well. It is the responsibility of the CEO to provide the professional as well as compassionate environment to the employees in order to motivate them. Theory of Equity is also an important factor of psychological contract as it manages the expectations of the employees in a more general sense. Expectations based on equity depend upon the standards of fairness considered in a workplace (O'Donohue et al., 2015). When employees experience inequity in the workplace or their expectations are not fulfilled, it cannot be considered as violation of contract but it increases dissatisfaction in the minds of the employees(Robinson Rousseau, 1994). It might result in various behavioral adjustments of the employees in the form of reduced performance and less loyalty towards the profession. The CEO must implement corrective measures in the case of perceived inequities and unprofessional behavior in the organization such as, by increasing the remunerations of the employees or by changing the environment as it should be in an ideal situation. When employees suffer from unethical behavior during their training period, it creates an overall change in their behavior which causes negative impact on their profession also (Payne et al., 2015). On the other hand, if implied contracts are considered, it is the mutual obligations between the employer and the employees, which describe relationship between the two employees or between the employees and the organization. Although, there is existence of psychological contract between them, implied contract can also be created between them through actions and reactions. Such contracts refer to the conditions of employment, commitments towards organization, and contributions of employees(Oliver, 1982). The pattern of interactions might be similar for more than one employee that creates implied contract but, each of them possess individual psychological contract. When there is an occurrence of more probability of comparison between the psychological contracts of the employees, it reduces the conflict and stabilizes the relationships. It increases the likelihood of continuity and maintenance of the relationship (Trybou et al., 2016). The CEO should increase this probability in the or ganization so as to reduce unnecessary causes of conflicts in the organization as well as to stabilize the environment in the workplace. It would also increase the probability of employee retention. There is a connecting link between implied and psychological contracts. The manner of interactions that is responsible for framing implied contracts at the level of relationships leads to the formation of psychological contract in the minds of individual employees (Cassar Buttigieg, 2015). Formation of the implied contract and the relationship between employer and employees can be facilitated by an agreement between the employees regarding the terms of the psychological contract. The aspect which should be considered by the employer is that psychological and implied contracts are based on mutual obligations and conventional pattern of relations respectively (Rodwell et al., 2015). Therefore, the employers should avoid betraying employees on their part. Otherwise, it may lead to the termination of the long-lasting relationships also. The implications of psychological and implied contracts are necessary due to various reasons. Population demographics are the most probable reason. With increase in the age of functional or working population, their experience increases (Rousseau, 1989). The longer the duration of relationship with an organization, the more expectations and mutual obligations are likely to be perceived. Such perceptions put a great impact on the attitude and behavior of the employees and the employer as well. The other reason for implying such contracts is the inclination of workforce towards written contracts. It prevents the right of the organization to terminate their employees on their will. Moreover, such contracts are not much specific and increase the probability of negotiations between the employer and the employees (Restubog et al., 2015). Thus, for a better relationship between the members and an organization, the implied contracts should be made extremely essential. From the point of view of behavioral aspect, psychological contracts negatively impact the motivation of the employees towards their organization. Theory of equity and expectancy models is directly connected with the performance of the employees. If the employees receive rewards or their performance is not according to their expectations, it negatively impacts their performance and attitude towards their organization. Currently, organizational cultures have accepted 'Make or buy' strategy for hiring employees. In this context, buy-oriented organizations hire employees with specific skills at market remuneration rate to use them immediately. Make-oriented organizations provide employment to the employees on the basis of entry level and then provide them training according to the requirement of the organization. Such organizations having corporate cultures are characterized by implied contracts relationships. Thus, CEO should imply such contracts in the medical department so as to avoid the current management issue occurring within the department. Conclusion The medical department in Australia is currently facing a management issue due to which, the beliefs and faith of medical practitioners is declining over the department. Due to this reason, they are not able to perform their duties with dedication and it is affecting their patients in a negative manner. Being a senior executive, I have recommended some strategies to the CEO of the medical department to reduce this issue. I would like to suggest that proper implication of psychological contract and more specifically implied contract would probably benefit the environment of the organization. The employees will retain their beliefs on the organization and it will directly benefit the patients. Proper implication of such strategies would most possibly be proved beneficial to the department. References Aust LII, 2014. Keegan v Sussan Corporation (Aust.) Pty Ltd [2014] QSC 64 (7 April 2014). [Online] Available at: https://www.austlii.edu.au/cgi-bin/sinodisp/au/cases/qld/QSC/2014/64.html?stem=0synonyms=0query=title(Keegan%20and%20Sussan%20Corporation%20(Aust.)%20Pty%20Ltd%20) [Accessed 27 August 2016]. Cassar, V. Buttigieg, S.C., 2015. Psychological contract breach, organizational justice and emotional well-being. HR Organizational Behaviour , 44(2), pp.217-35. Guest, D.E., 2016. Trust and the Role of the Psychological Contract in Contemporary Employment Relations. Industrial Relations Conflict Management, pp.137-49. McDermott, Q. Michelmore, K., 2015. At Their Mercy. [https://www.abc.net.au/4corners/stories/2015/05/25/4239823.htm] ABC News 24 [Accessed 2016]. Nicholson, N. Johns, G., 1985. The absence culture and the psychological contract-Who's in control of absence? Academy of Management Review, 10, pp.397-407. O'Donohue, W., Hutchings, K. Montes, S.D., 2015. Special issue on expatriates and psychological contracts. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 26(4), pp.547-49. Oliver, A.T., 1982. The invisible handshake and the inflationary process. Challenge, 22(6), pp.5-12. Payne, S.C., Culbertson, S.S., Boswell, W.R. Barger, E.J., 2015. Contract breach as a trigger for adjustment to the psychological contract during the first year of employment. Journal of occupational and Organizational psychology, 88(1), pp.41-60. Restubog, S.L.D. et al., 2015. If You Wrong Us, Shall We Not Revenge? Moderating Roles of Self-Control and Perceived Aggressive Work Culture in Predicting Responses to Psychological Contract Breach. Journal of Management, 41(4), pp.1132-54. Robinson, S.L. Rousseau, D.M., 1994. Violating the psychological contract: Not the exception but the norm. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 15(3), pp.245-59. Rodwell, J., Ellershaw, J. Flower, R., 2015. Fulfill psychological contract promises to manage in-demand employees. Personnel Review, 44(5), pp.689-701. Rousseau, D.M., 1989. Psychological and implied contracts in organizations. Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal, 2(2), pp.12139. Schein, E.H., 1980. Organization Psychology. Englewood Cliffs. Squelch, J. Guthrie, R., 2012. Workplace Health and Safety: Managing the Risk of Workplace Bullying. Health, 14, pp.9-18. Trybou, J., Gemmel, P. Annemans, L., 2016. The impact of economic and noneconomic exchange on physicians organizational attitudes: The moderating effects of the Chief Medical Officer. Health Care Management Review, 41(1), pp.75-85.

Serge Brammertz - On the Capture and Transfer of Ratko Mladic to the International Criminal Tribunal free essay sample

Tocqueville vs Despotism essays

Tocqueville vs Despotism essays Tocqueville does not believe it is a forgone conclusion the world will become democratic. It is only through special circumstances that America was able to become and maintain its democratic society. From its inception, America was founded by people who brought a special sense of individualism to their governance. The founding government created no great central city for their capital. No city had absolute influence over the country. This situation helped to maintain the local liberties for freedom. Local townships and states rights flourished. The land itself kept American democracy strong because it gave the people the ability to remain equal and free. This general prosperity aided government stability. As Americans migrated westward, they banded together in search of fortune. American children are educated along a path that teaches the principles of human knowledge. Students are taught the history of America and the features of the constitution that governs it. This education in American allows each person to become a citizen immediately. America is also distant from all its enemies, and so it has no fear of attack. As Europeans began to settle in Canada and South America, they brought many of the same intentions as they brought to America. The idea of starting fresh from Europe and the opportunity to start new governments were present. These lands also had few enemies. Natural resources were abundant. Despite all these similar circumstances, the European emigrants could not support democracy. Although they had the same conditions of prosperity as Americans, they remained miserable and unproductive. Tocqueville believes in the singleness of the American experience. He admired their experience and their views on education. Americans participate in their legislation like no other country. Their ability to work together in a common cause as they expanded westward created a oneness unlike anything else in ...

Quality Improvement Initiatives Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Quality Improvement Initiatives - Research Paper Example It is evidently clear from the discussion that the changes that have largely inspired the need to improve quality of service in the healthcare to include advancement in technology, the need to increase effective use of resources amidst the rising cost of health care, changing patient needs due to new infections or new guidelines. Quality in health care institutions is a product of a number of factors, which are related either directly or indirectly to health care procedures. These factors do not work independently but jointly to determine the quality of health care that an institution gives, therefore, the quality of healthcare will be affected depending on the number of factors that directly affect it. One of the factors that affect the quality of healthcare is the management of health institutions; institutions that enjoy good management are likely to provide quality healthcare compared to the institutions with poor management. Institutions with visionary and proactive leaders who are genuinely involved in the affairs of the facilities they are in charge usually report higher levels of customer satisfaction in comparison to those whose leadership adopts a hands-off approach. This can be attributed to the fact that a leadership that is actively involved in running the affairs of the institution motivate other employees to work toward achieving the objectives of providing quality health care. However, some scholars argue that the management of healthcare institutions does not affect the quality of health care that is provided since they are not directly involved in treating or nursing the patients, therefore the people who affect the quality of care that patients receive are those who directly handle them such as nurses and doctors. The validity of this claim has been put into doubt since the motivation of the doctors and nurses depend on how the management handles their issue.